Robert T. Rhode

Robert T. Rhode
Robert T. Rhode
Showing posts with label 1893. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 1893. Show all posts

Sunday, April 7, 2019

24. The Exhibits ... THE FARM EAST OF PINE VILLAGE




Every year, the freshman class made a bus trip to Chicago. When Robert’s class went, the group first toured the Chicago Natural History Museum, or Field Museum. Each new diorama in the Hall of Prehistoric Man captivated Robert all the more—especially the Neanderthals. He tried to imagine what it could have been like to have lived in the time of the cavemen.

The exhibits of stuffed animals were so extensive as to stretch seemingly forever down halls and around corners. The white-tailed deer appeared to be living. From the tiny antelope to the zebra of southern and eastern Africa, the animal displays kept Robert in a state of amazement. The elephants and the jungle cats were favorites. There were many animals he had never heard of and that he could scarcely imagine, even though the displays were so lifelike! There were wild donkeys, hippopotami, gorillas, and hyenas: all examples of the taxidermists’ finest hour and art.   

Yet his eyes really opened all the way when he encountered the Egyptian artifacts. The ushabti figures, the canopic jars, the sarcophagi, and the statues intrigued him. As a freshman, he could hardly fail to be mesmerized by the mummies! He felt a deep sense of astonishment that such rich cultures had thrived in the Nile River Valley for thousands of years. He vowed he would check out books on Egyptian history when he returned home, and he kept his promise.

The class also visited the Museum of Science and Industry. Built in 1893 as part of the World’s Columbian Exposition (which failed to be finished in time for 1892, the four hundredth anniversary of 1492, the year made famous by Christopher Columbus), the vast edifice, which had been refaced in limestone, housed more displays than could be seen in weeks, let alone in a few hours! Many of the exhibits were to be operated by pushing buttons or working levers. It was great fun to discover scientific facts and mechanical principles by observation of displays that moved in response to the viewer’s hand. There were airplanes, boats, cars, a stage coach, steam engines including locomotives, and streetcars. There were a gigantic Foucault pendulum and electromagnets and lightning from a surge generator. There were all manner of machines from newspaper presses to milking machines. A spectacular monument to the periodic table of the elements boasted a massive globe of the Planet Earth. Amid the museum’s modernity was a nod to the Middle Ages in a medieval scriptorium, where European monks copied and illuminated holy manuscripts in brilliantly colored inks.  

But the trip into the coal mine was even more exciting! It began with a safety demonstration that simulated an explosion of methane gas from a lighted Davy lamp. The drop down the mine shaft in a black cage gave the illusion of a descent of hundreds of feet. The tram ride through the cool gloom of the mine was worthy of Disney! 

Robert’s favorite activity was walking through the U-505 submarine, which was docked outside the museum. The narrow passages within the German ship made Robert feel almost claustrophobic, but he was so fascinated with everything that he successfully fought against the dread of enclosure in a tight space. Even though the halls were barely wide enough for one person, the submarine was huge. “How could it have remained hidden?” Robert wondered. Of course, as a person from a landlocked farming community, he had almost no concept of the size of the ocean. After the tour, Robert knew that he could never have lived on board a submarine without going stark raving mad! It was quite a learning experience, to say the least! 

The trip to the Windy City was one of the best that Robert would ever take, and he was grateful to his school for having given his class the opportunity to see such a splendid panoply at both institutions and to the museums for making available to the public such an incredible array of the best that the world has to offer.  

Ever since the threat of a tornado had interrupted the performance at Columbian Park when Robert was a youngster, he had wanted to spot a funnel cloud. With the help of her father, his classmate Susan had once built a large glass box that demonstrated a tornado by using dry ice and a fan to form a vortex that was well lighted from above. Robert never grew tired of watching the ghostly rope undulating from the bottom to the top of the tall box.   

On a sunny April Saturday in between his freshman and sophomore years, Robert had been disking for his father. The International 560 tractor had needed gasoline, so Robert had driven from the fields back to the house.

He pulled alongside the elevated gas barrel, switched off the engine, spun off the gas cap, and began filling the tank from the heavy nozzle. The day was hot and still. The day seemed to be waiting for something to happen. It was as if it alone knew what was approaching. The birds had abandoned their hectic springtime schedule as if in anticipation. Only the occasional shrieks of the guineas disturbed the silence. With the tank full, Robert hung the hose on the horseshoe that served as a cradle nailed to one of the barrel’s support posts. Robert thought about returning to his disking right away, but the idea of a quick nap intervened.

Joe and Charles were working with tractors in adjacent fields about as far from the house as they could be. Would they miss Robert for fifteen minutes? Robert decided they would not, so he strode to the house and stretched out on the sofa to catch a few winks. Such an action was extremely rare for Robert—so rare, in fact, that he could almost be described as never having taken a sleepy moment away from work. For years thereafter, he would wonder why he chose that time to sneak a brief nap.

Naturally, Robert lost track of the time. Suddenly, Joe and Charles burst into the room! They were talking excitedly. In Robert’s half-asleep state, he worried that they might be angry with him for briefly shirking his responsibility. Robert’s sense of guilt helped him awaken fully. Then he realized they were not conversing about his indolence; rather, they were discussing the funnel cloud that had just crossed near the north end of the farm.

“That’s as close as I ever want to get to a tornado,” Joe said.

“That was impressive!” Charles agreed.

Robert sat up and listened to their description of the funnel, which had begun to touch down but had lifted immediately. Robert glanced at the clock. He had slept for less than an hour. In just that length of time, an oddly greenish wall cloud had formed in the southwest. On its path from southwest to northeast, the cloud mass had passed on an angle a little over a mile north of the house. Acknowledging the dangers of lightning, Joe had signaled Charles to bring his tractor and plow up to the house while Joe drove his tractor and corn planter up to the barn. When they had entered the barnyard, they had witnessed the funnel’s descent.

Robert had slept through the excitement and was disappointed. He would never have a better opportunity to watch a tornado. Years later, a tornado that would prove quite destructive in Rainsville would pass along much the same diagonal line over the north end of the Williams place. Winds to the side of the twister would blow Joe and Ida’s pink and blue 1950s metal armchairs off the front porch and deliver them to Agnes Moore a quarter of a mile down the gravel road. Worse, the tornado would level all but one wall and the bathroom of Robert’s cousin Pam’s house. Pam’s mother would ride out the storm in that bathroom and live to tell the tale. Pam, her father, and her siblings would not be at home, although her father and her sister would be in a car approaching the house down the mile-long driveway to the north and would witness the calamity. Viewing the wreckage afterward, Robert would change his mind about wanting to see a twister. He would decide that he never wanted to observe—with scientific detachment—a tornado in progress. He would rather learn about such violent storms in the context of a museum or laboratory.

Sunday, February 15, 2015

Why I Plant Night-Blooming Cereus



The night-blooming cereus, a kind of cactus, was a favorite conservatory plant in my grandparents’ generation. While various plants have been called “night-blooming cereus,” only one kind was universally adopted among the women of my hometown. It was nicknamed Christ in the Manger. The popularity of the plant may have received a boost from the mounting of a special exhibition of night-blooming cereus at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. As many people from my village traveled to Chicago to participate in the celebration of Columbus’ discovery of America, they may well have obtained specimens of cereus that were the ancestors of my plant.

My Night-Blooming Cereus in Joyous Display

The flower opens for only one night, usually after midnight, and the petals are found withered and drooping by sunrise. I have heard of Victorian families staying awake to watch the opening of the flowers. A single luxurious plant can have well over a dozen blooms, but mine has had no more than three at a time.

Long ago, the plant was considered to have medicinal value. It was mentioned in Joseph H. Wythes’ The Physician’s Dose and Symptom Book (12th Edition, Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1875). Please understand that I am not endorsing the medical value of night-blooming cereus when I quote from The Pharmacology of the Newer Materia Medica (Detroit: George S. David, 1889): “Sedative and diuretic; especially useful in functional diseases of the heart, attended with much irregularity of action, in which it exerts a decided action, palliating or removing the symptoms and frequently giving prompt relief. It has been found serviceable in palpitation, angina pectoris, cardiac neuralgia, rheumatism, valvular disease, also of hemoptysis, dropsy, and in threatened apoplexy.” The book gives several case studies, including this one: “Mrs. McSwain, a lady about fifty years of age, nervous temperament, and formerly of Minnesota, called me in to see her. I found her with violent palpitation, cold extremities, clammy sweats, and great prostration. I examined the heart carefully, and found the distinct bellows sound, and rapid pulsations of an enlarged heart from dilatation. … I prescribed [cereus] in five-drop doses, every two or three hours, alternated with collinsonia, in doses of ten drops, three or four times a day. Under this treatment she rapidly improved, until she regained her health and returned to her home in the northwest.” I have no idea if the plant had anything to do with the restoration of Mrs. McSwain’s health, although I am delighted that she recovered from her illness. I have quoted her case because I find the old-fashioned medical lingo so piquantly redolent of an earlier era!

You need only a little imagination to perceive the Christian symbolism. In the center of the plant is the Christ child upon the yellow straw of the manger. Angels in white raiment have gathered around; above them is the star of Bethlehem.

I inherited my night-blooming cereus. I have simply watered it for many years, and it seems happy enough. Websites describe the care and feeding of the night-blooming cereus, and I direct you to them. Why? Because I really have no idea how I have prompted my heirloom plant to bloom. It has set on flowers in some years and not in others. I need to read the websites myself so as to learn how to encourage my plant to develop blossoms.

I can tell you that the flowers are large and heavy, in a sense. In a way, it is surprising how they can quickly wilt into lightweight nothingness after such spectacular blooming. For some, the blossoms may demonstrate a wistful aphorism such as all good things must come to an end, but I prefer to think that the flowers are dazzling like sunup dispelling darkness while anticipating the actual sunrise in all its splendid symbolism; as such, they are an inspiration!