20. The Sophomore Year ... THE FARM EAST OF PINE VILLAGE

The year 1969 marked the fiftieth anniversary of the Warren County 4-H Club Free Fair, as the event was named in the catalog of contests. After the thrills of the week began fading away as memories, Robert anticipated his sophomore year at Pine Village High School. On the opening day, Robert met the new English teacher. As she wrote her name on the chalkboard with big letters and bold strokes, she said, loudly enough for all to hear, “My name is Miss Matthews—with two t’s!” She clacked the chalk beneath the two t’s in her name. With a freshly minted degree, Miss Matthews was teaching for the first time. She brooked no nonsense.

And Robert learned so much about literature and writing from Miss Matthews that he would eventually earn three college degrees in those subjects!

Before her, Mr. Cavanaugh, Mrs. French, and Mrs. Wilson had done their part to bring Robert forward in his understanding of English. Miss Matthews continued his education and brought him to the level of sophistication that would stand him in good stead for a long career.

On that very first day, Robert sensed that Miss Matthews was the proverbial force to be reckoned with, and, thereafter, he dotted every i and crossed every t, including both t’s in Matthews.

While Robert’s class slogged through Julius Caesar, Robert suddenly looked up past Miss Matthews, his eyes fogged over, and he pictured Shakespeare’s play as a farce. The tedium of inching forward through Elizabethan English melted away as Robert visualized comical scene after comical scene.

He enlisted Dennis’ help, and, before long, a script, of sorts, had emerged. Mr. Boots readily consented to their request to use the Wollensak reel-to-reel tape recorder. It remained to free not only themselves but also various classmates from the study hall, so that recording could take place in the band room.

As if the cosmos had been listening, Mr. Boots, the band director, volunteered to give Dennis and Robert signed hall passes, allowing them (and others) to spend study hours in the band department filing music. Given such an unlimited supply of passes, Robert, Dennis, and their cast of aspiring actors and actresses enjoyed ample time to record Julius Caesar, the comedy.

One day, Robert and Dennis came to Miss Matthews’ class with the large Wollensak in hand.

“Why do you have a tape recorder?” Miss Matthews asked, wondering if she should say “no” automatically or listen to whatever answer might be forthcoming.

“We have a recording that pertains to our study of Julius Caesar,” Robert replied.

The tug-of-war in Miss Matthews’ mind was visible on her face. Deciding to risk her classroom control, she said, “Alright. You can play it, but I decide when to shut off the machine.”

The class leaned forward eagerly as the stereo tape began to play. Again and again, laughter erupted. Miss Matthews kept saying, “Shhh!” but finally gave up. She sat at her desk, and—guess what?—she smiled! To her lasting credit, she smiled and smiled. Then she laughed! As funny voice after funny voice lent itself to a fractured version of Shakespeare’s tragedy, Miss Matthews laughed hysterically.

It was a triumph!

After such a success, Robert chose to set an even more preposterous goal.

Mr. John Taylor, coach and biology teacher, had a flat-top, a piercing stare, and a commanding presence, Mr. Taylor had a zero-tolerance policy regarding noise from elementary students. When grade school boys made too much of a racket in the restroom, Mr. Taylor banged open the door and stood like a gladiator ready for battle with a paddle in his hand. Had any student a pin to drop, you knew it would have been heard.

In grade school, Robert had feared Mr. Taylor, but having taken Mr. Taylor’s freshman biology class had convinced Robert that Mr. Taylor actually had a kind heart. As a sophomore, Robert and a senior named Ted put their heads together. Mr. Taylor was now the principal. Temporarily encumbered by a cast on his leg, he spent much of his day in a wheelchair. Ted was excellent at drawing souped-up sports cars, and Robert could sketch people’s portraits. So the two of them created an oil painting of Mr. Taylor in a smoking, fire-breathing hot rod of a wheelchair leaving a trail of dust taller than the gym as he zoomed around the school!

When Ted and Robert presented the painting to Mr. Taylor, Robert was fairly certain that Mr. Taylor would sentence them to hard labor; much to Robert’s surprise, Mr. Taylor held the painting as if he had just won the Publishers Clearing House Sweepstakes! He was smiling! “You guys painted this? This shows real talent!” When he looked up at the artists, he had the merest hint of a tear in his eye! Mission accomplished! It was true that the lion had a heart of gold!

Ted could play anything by ear on a keyboard, and he also performed on bass guitar. He played in a band named Bayou Inhabitance. Robert’s class booked the band for an evening’s entertainment on January 23rd, 1970, at a cost to the class treasury of fifty dollars. Ted and Robert created a poster with caricatures of the band members.

Local musicians fulfilled many significant functions in Pine Village, as they had for generations. Samuel C. Fenton, born in 1877, may have been high strung, but he was a talented musician. On hot summer evenings, residents sat on their porches and listened to his melodious playing. He performed with several bands in northwestern Indiana. Ultimately, Samuel played cornet in the well-known band led by Arthur Willard Pryor, who had served as assistant conductor of John Philip Sousa’s band and who was a famous trombonist. Pryor composed “The Whistler and His Dog,” a popular concert piece. Eventually, Samuel split his lip and decided to forgo the cornet. He returned to Pine Village, where he gave piano lessons.

Samuel’s first cousin, Charles Albert “Charley” or “Cobbie” Cobb, born in 1883, played several instruments. Charley organized his own band, known as “Cobbie’s Band.” Lena (Fenton) Rhode, born in 1884, a first cousin of Samuel and Charley, studied piano at the Chicago Conservatory. She served as pianist for the Methodist Church in Pine Village. In her seventies, Lena continued to play hymns, but the minister occasionally had to awaken her.

Samuel, the trumpeter with the split lip, was married to Bessie Ogborn (1881–1967), daughter of Levi Ogborn. Samuel and Bessie had one daughter, Dorothy Fenton, who became an accomplished pianist. For graduation exercises way back in 1919, Dorothy joined Adele LaPlante in performing the “Poet and Peasant Overture” piano duet.

Charles and Robert revived the “Poet and Peasant Overture” and played it publicly several times. The brothers wore matching polyester sports coats in a lizard green and pumpkin orange plaid.

Charles was considering universities. The family had made a trip to Bloomington that Robert later recalled as hilly, wooded, and filled with limestone buildings, unlike the red brick structures on the Purdue campus. Charles selected Indiana University.

  

Patents of Pine Village, Rainsville, and Independence, Indiana 3

Job X. Mills (1847 or 1848–1918), the subject of the previous blog, was the most prolific patent holder in Pine Village, Indiana. A farmer, Mills invented several improvements of devices used in farming. On the 6th of May in 1890, he received a patent for an enhanced feeder for livestock (described in the third paragraph below).

Patent for Livestock Feeder

With Enclosure for Piglets

By Job X. Mills of Pine Village, Indiana (1890)

From last week’s blog, readers may remember that Mills recommended a V-shaped feeder that could hold such loose material as hay for taller animals (cows) while having a box lower down that could hold liquid or semi-liquid feed for shorter animals (sheep). Mills’ feeder was mounted on skids and could be pulled by horses to any pasture where both tall and short animals could feed simultaneously.

In 1890, he patented another feeder—this one equipped with a large box at the bottom. Doors in the box could be swung open or closed, making the box useful as an enclosure for small animals (piglets). “By closing all of the doors a tight pen is formed, in which small animals of any kind may be kept,” Mills wrote. “By means of the construction here shown and described, a very cheap, simple, and durable combined rack and pig-pen is formed,” Mills continued.

I admire Mills’ ingenuity: his invention was as simple as he claimed it was.

S. C. Fenton and Jacob Short witnessed Mill’s feeder patent. As I mentioned last week, the former was Dr. Samuel C. Fenton (1844–1918), a highly respected medical doctor who succumbed to the flu during the epidemic.

Patent for Harrow

By Job X. Mills of Pine Village, Indiana (1909)

On the 20th of April in 1909, Mills received a third patent—this one for a harrow. Mills wrote, “This invention relates to an improved construction of harrow designed for general harrowing and also adapted for use in breaking and cutting corn-stalks, cutting sod, clod crushing, ground leveling and other similar operations.”

The operator, who drove one or two horses to pull the implement, sat toward the harrow’s back, which was a board or plate “for crushing and smoothing purposes.” Toward the front, Mills’ harrow featured ten blades shaped like a solid letter D with the curved portion pointing downward. The curved edge was not consistent, as in a D, but had a concave section at the midpoint. By inclining his body backward, the operator tilted the front board or plate in such a way that the blades were similarly tilted so as to cut through large clods. A clod coming into contact with the front of a blade might be shunted to one side, but the concave portion at the center of the blade might grab the clod and hold it long enough to cut through it. To understand this function at a glance, compare Figure 2 (no tilt) to Figure 4 (tilted) in the patent drawings.

Again, the genius of Mills was in the simplicity of his design.

John L. Ogborn, who ran a grocery business in Pine Village, and John A. Bryant witnessed Mills’ harrow patent.    

Patents of Pine Village, Rainsville, and Independence, Indiana 2

Job X. Mills, who was born in 1847, farmed in Pine Township just west of my hometown of Pine Village, Indiana, in Adams Township. His wife was named Sarah Matilda Metsker, and she was related to the Metskers that were one of the founding families of the town. Many of Mills’ siblings are buried in Quaker Cemetery, but Job, who died on the 5th of October in 1918, is buried in Pine Village Cemetery. Job and Sarah Matilda had a daughter with the charming name of Leafy Dell and a son named John W. The census in 1900 lists the family in Adams Township. Job was fortunate enough to hold three patents, the first of which is featured in this blog.

Patent for Portable Feed Racks

By Job X. Mills

Pine Village, Indiana (1874)

On the 15th of December in 1874, Job X. Mills received a patent for portable feed racks. William C. Mills (one of Job’s brothers) and John W. Freeman served as witnesses to Job’s patent.

Essentially, Mills’ 1874 patent addresses the desire to feed short animals, such as sheep, and tall animals, such as cows (or horses), from the same feeder. Mills places his device on runners, making it portable, as horses can pull it from pasture to pasture. At a low level is a sturdy flat box that can hold “liquid or semi-liquid food,” presumably for the sheep. Above are two facing racks that can be pinned in a V shape convenient for holding dry or relatively dry food, such as hay. While cattle are eating, any bits that happen to fall from the racks will land in the box and can be consumed by the sheep. When the farmer wants to empty the racks, he can release the pins and swing the racks outward, so as to dump whatever might still be jammed in between.

I admire the simplicity of Mills’ portable feeder. Any enterprising farmer could easily build one. As with all such early patents, I wonder if Mills sold such feeders to his fellow farmers. Although my father had no sheep, I think he would have appreciated Mills’ feeders for the cows my father raised.

As I am on the topic of feeders, I can hardly resist sharing an anecdote from my father’s past. When my father was a lad, his agriculture teacher called on my father to answer this question in class: “Joe, how would you introduce a pig to a feeder?” With a straight face, my father answered, “Mr. Pig, this is Mr. Feeder. Mr. Feeder, this is Mr. Pig.”

Was Mills aware of his future fellow patent holder in Pine Township, Anson L. Massey? On the 12th of July in 1887, Massey, who gave his residence as Rainsville, received a patent for a hame-tug loop, useful with bridles of horses. Massey wrote, “The object of my invention is to provide a hame-tug loop which is strong and durable, easily and readily made, secured and inseparable when finished, and cheaply manufactured.” The uppermost patent drawing offers a deconstructed view of the strap and loop. A hame is a metal rod encircling a horse collar. It ends in a ball at the top. There are two hames, one on either side of the collar. Tugs, or traces, attach to the hames and are the principal straps that pull whatever the horse is pulling, such as one of Mills’ feeders. Massey’s loop made a firm connection for each tug.

Patent for Hame-Tug Loop

By Anson L. Massey

Rainsville, Indiana (1887)

S. C. Fenton and J. W. McMullen served as witnesses to Massey’s patent. The former was Dr. Samuel C. Fenton (1844–1918), an esteemed medical doctor who became a victim of the flu epidemic.